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1993-09-14
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/* The regulations for Accessibility to buildings and other
facilities under the ADA follow.*/
PUBLISHED IN THE FEDERAL REGISTER
JULY 26, 1991
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
Accessibility Guidelines
for Buildings and Facilities
U.S. Architectural & Transportation Barriers Compliance Board
1111 18th Street, N.W., Suite 501
Washington, D.C. 20036-3894
(202) 653-7834 v/TDD
(202) 653-7863 FAX
ADA ACCESSIBILITY GUIDELINES FOR BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. PURPOSE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2. GENERAL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.1 Provisions for Adults . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2.2* Equivalent Facilitation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3. MISCELLANEOUS INSTRUCTIONS AND DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . 1
3.1 Graphic Conventions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3.2 Dimensional Tolerances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3.3 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
3.4 General Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
3.5 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4. ACCESSIBLE ELEMENTS AND SPACES: SCOPE AND TECHNICAL
REQUIREMENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.1 Minimum Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.1.1* Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.1.2 Accessible Sites and Exterior Facilities:
New Construction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
4.1.3 Accessible Buildings: New Construction . . . . 11
4.1.4 (Reserved) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
4.1.5 Accessible Buildings: Additions. . . . . . . . 18
4.1.6 Accessible Buildings: Alterations. . . . . . . 18
4.1.7 Accessible Buildings: Historic Preservation. . . . . . 23
4.2 Space Allowance and Reach Ranges. . . . . . . . . . . 25
4.3 Accessible Route. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
4.4 Protruding Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
4.5 Ground and Floor Surfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
4.6 Parking and Passenger Loading Zones . . . . . . . . . 30
4.7 Curb Ramps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
4.8 Ramps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
4.9 Stairs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
4.10 Elevators. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
4.11 Platform Lifts (Wheelchair Lifts). . . . . . . . . . 38
4.12 Windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4.13 Doors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
4.14 Entrances. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
4.15 Drinking Fountains and Water Coolers . . . . . . . . 41
4.16 Water Closets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.17 Toilet Stalls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
4.18 Urinals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
4.19 Lavatories and Mirrors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.20 Bathtubs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
4.21 Shower Stalls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
4.22 Toilet Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4.23 Bathrooms, Bathing Facilities, and Shower Rooms. . . 47
4.24 Sinks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.25 Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
4.26 Handrails, Grab Bars, and Tub and Shower Seats . . . 49
4.27 Controls and Operating Mechanisms. . . . . . . . . . 50
4.28 Alarms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
4.29 Detectable Warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.30 Signage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
4.31 Telephones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
4.32 Fixed or Built-in Seating and Tables . . . . . . . . 55
4.33 Assembly Areas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
4.34 Automated Teller Machines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
4.35 Dressing and Fitting Rooms . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
5. RESTAURANTS AND CAFETERIAS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
6. MEDICAL CARE FACILITIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
7. BUSINESS AND MERCANTILE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
8. LIBRARIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
9. ACCESSIBLE TRANSIENT LODGING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
10. TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .70
APPENDIX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
1. PURPOSE.
This document sets guidelines for accessibility to places of
public accommodation and commercial facilities by individuals
with disabilities. These guidelines are to be applied during the
design, construction, and alteration of such buildings and
facilities to the extent required by regulations issued by
Federal agencies, including the Department of Justice, under the
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990.
The technical specifications 4.2 through 4.35, of these
guidelines are the same as those of the American National
Standard Institute's document A117.1-1980, except as noted in
this text by italics. However, sections 4.1.1 through 4.1.7 and
sections 5 through 10 are different from ANSI A117.1 in their
entirety and are printed in standard type.
The illustrations and text of ANSI A117.1 are reproduced with
permission from the American National Standards Institute.
Copies of the standard may be purchased from the American
National Standards Institute at 1430 Broadway, New York, New York
10018.
2. GENERAL.
2.1 Provisions for Adults. The specifications in these
guidelines are based upon adult dimensions and anthropometrics.
2.2* Equivalent Facilitation. Departures from particular
technical and scoping requirements of this guideline by the use
of other designs and technologies are permitted where the
alternative designs and technologies used will provide
substantially equivalent or greater access to and usability of
the facility.
3. MISCELLANEOUS INSTRUCTIONS AND DEFINITIONS.
3.1 Graphic Conventions. Graphic conventions are shown in Table
1. Dimensions that are not marked minimum or maximum are
absolute, unless otherwise indicated in the text or captions.
3.2 Dimensional Tolerances. All dimensions are subject to
conventional building industry tolerances for field conditions.
3.3 Notes. The text of these guidelines does not contain notes
or footnotes. Additional information, explanations, and advisory
materials are located in the Appendix. Paragraphs marked with an
asterisk have related, nonmandatory material in the Appendix. In
the Appendix, the corresponding paragraph numbers are preceded by
an A.
3.4 General Terminology.
comply with. Meet one or more specifications of these
guidelines.
if, if ... then. Denotes a specification that applies only when
the conditions described are present.
may. Denotes an option or alternative.
shall. Denotes a mandatory specification or requirement.
should. Denotes an advisory specification or recommendation.
3.5 Definitions.
Access Aisle. An accessible pedestrian space between elements,
such as parking spaces, seating, and desks, that provides
clearances appropriate for use of the elements.
Accessible. Describes a site, building, facility, or portion
thereof that complies with these guidelines.
Accessible Element. An element specified by these guidelines
(for example, telephone, controls, and the like).
Accessible Route. A continuous unobstructed path connecting all
accessible elements and spaces of a building or facility.
Interior accessible routes may include corridors, floors, ramps,
elevators, lifts, and clear floor space at fixtures. Exterior
accessible routes may include parking access aisles, curb ramps,
crosswalks at vehicular ways, walks, ramps, and lifts.
Accessible Space. Space that complies with these guidelines.
Ad